Somalia at COP28: A chance to tap into shared opportunities, showcase potential and commit to climate action

In what is seen as a critical juncture in the global climate change dialogue, the 28th Conference of the Parties (COP28) to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) is poised to play a pivotal role. Set against the dynamic backdrop of Expo City in Dubai, UAE, from November 30 to December 12, 2023, this conference marks a continued global effort to confront climate change challenges. Central to this year’s conference is the acceleration of the Paris Agreement’s goals, specifically targeting the containment of global warming to significantly below 2 degrees Celsius with an aspirational target of 1.5 degrees Celsius, measured against pre-industrial levels.

Somalia, grappling with its unique environmental challenges, enters this global forum with a strategic and proactive approach. The creation of the Ministry dedicated to Environment and Climate by the Federal Government of Somalia and the inception of the Somalia Green Initiative by President Hassan Sheikh Mohamud are testaments to the country’s commitment to addressing climate change head-on. Despite these commendable steps, Somalia stands at a crossroads where the implementation of its climate action plans is heavily contingent on international support, especially in areas of finance, technical expertise, and infrastructural development.

CLIMATE ADAPTATION

Faced with recurring droughts and the need for sustainable agricultural practices, Somalia’s approach to climate adaptation is multifaceted. In the realm of water management, the country seeks to enhance its capabilities in storing and managing water resources. This includes developing robust irrigation systems and infrastructure that can withstand the rigors of climatic extremes. Somali agriculture, historically resilient, now looks towards bolstering its defenses against the onslaught of unpredictable weather patterns. By introducing and expanding climate-resilient agricultural techniques, Somalia endeavors to ensure that food production is maintained even in adverse conditions.

Renewable energy, notably solar energy, is another pillar of Somalia’s strategy. With its adoption in large-scale farming, solar energy presents a sustainable alternative that minimizes environmental impact while ensuring energy independence. Furthermore, the importance of early warning systems in mitigating risks associated with flash floods and climatic anomalies cannot be overstated. The effective dissemination of warnings during the El Niño phenomenon and other such events has been instrumental in reducing potential damages and safeguarding communities.

The concept of the Blue Economy has gained prominence in Somalia’s economic strategy. With one of the longest coastlines in the world and abundant arable land, the country is uniquely positioned to harness these resources for economic growth. The recent unveiling of the Blue Economy Strategy in Somalia aims to systematically evaluate revenue potential and costs in key sectors while identifying viable financing sources. This initiative not only complements Somalia’s climate action plan but also aligns with its broader development objectives.

Somalia’s diverse topography and climatic conditions present a complex environmental landscape. The nation contends with issues like topsoil loss due to erosion and a decrease in soil moisture levels, exacerbated by factors like deforestation and over-irrigation. These challenges not only impinge on the country’s food security and economic stability but also heighten the risk of desertification. Water scarcity remains a prominent concern, particularly given Somalia’s semi-arid climate and predominantly sandy soils, which inherently have lower water retention capacity.

LEADERSHIP TO CLIMATE ACTION

As Somalia approaches COP28, the Federal Government of Somalia is undertaking various initiatives to demonstrate leadership and commitment to climate action. These initiatives encompass broadening global trade networks, engaging in resource-based trade with federal government suppliers, and revitalizing export markets. A strong focus lies in empowering the youth, who are being positioned as future leaders in resilience and clean energy sectors. Legislative efforts and financial mechanisms are also being mobilized to encourage private sector participation in adaptation and resilience.

Somalia’s participation in COP28 is more than a mere representation; it’s a statement of intent and an opportunity to showcase its resilience, strategies, and urgent needs in the face of climate change. With a balanced approach that encompasses both immediate needs and long-term strategies, Somalia stands ready to contribute to and learn from the global dialogue at COP28. The support and collaboration of the international community remain crucial in actualizing Somalia’s vision for a resilient, sustainable future.